Category Archives: Travel

Life in the wilderness of Zin

Yesterday we drove north from Eilat to Beersheba (Be’er Sheva). Beersheba, the ancient home of the patriarch Abraham, is the heart of the Negev (the Southland in some English versions).

In the wilderness of Zin, where the ancient Israelites wandered (Numbers 33:36), we saw two female shepherds bringing their large flock of sheep and goats across the main highway 40. This photo shows them after they had crossed the highway on their way to their community of Bedouin. We saw the tents in the distance a little further south.

If you can not see the photo click here.

Sheep in the Wilderness of Zin. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Sheep in the Wilderness of Zin. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

The wilderness of Zin included Kadesh Barnea and was the southern boundary for the tribe of Judah.

The land allotted to the tribe of Judah by its clans reached to the border of Edom, to the Wilderness of Zin in the Negev far to the south. (Joshus 15:1 NET)

We enjoyed a Big Mac at the McDonald’s at Avdat, an important town along the Nabatean spice route between Petra and Gaza.

We continued along the way north to Makhtesh Ramon Crater. This crater, about fifty miles south of Beersheba, is said to be the largest crater in the world. We went to the observation point to take a look at the crater. Several people were preparing to rappel the cliff. The most interesting one was a little girl who was not quite six years old. After watching her be instructed in how to handle the rope, we saw her begin down the cliff. We went down to a lower point to see her. By the time we got there she was almost at the bottom and was being helped by (possibly) her mother who had come down before her.

(I am having a little problem uploading photos. If the photo below does not show, click here link to see it.)

Young girl gets ready to rappel at Makhtesh Ramon Crater. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Young girl gets ready to rappel at Makhktesh Ramon Crater. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Personal note about unrest in Egypt

A few friends have asked about the safety of our group in relation to the unrest in Egypt. Most of our group returned to the USA from Egypt Monday evening. They are safely at home. Three other tour members went with us to Sinai. Two of them went home Wednesday evening. They were diverted from JFK due to the bad weather, but arrived home safely. One tour member went to Abu Simbel Thursday. He is in Heliopolis at the hotel across from the airport now.

I just spoke to my guide/friend in Egypt who told me that last evening his kids were out and having a good time. They went to McDonald’s and a movie. He said the demonstrations were limited to downtown Cairo and in Suez city (the town at the southern end of the Suez Canal).

Elizabeth and I leave Eilat shortly to drive through the Wilderness of Zin. We plan to be at Beersheba in the evening.

Egyptian miners had a temple at Timna

Timna is located about 20 miles north of Eilat in Israel. The Rothenberg Expedition discovered a cultic temple used by Egyptian miners at a time when the Egyptians were actively mining copper in the region.

One of the main deities worshiped at the site was Hathor. Having recently seen numerous images of Hathor in Egypt, I thought this was an appropriate follow up.

Cultic temple at Timna devoted to Hathor, et al. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Cultic Temple at Timna devoted to Hathor, et al. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Those who have visited Petra will notice a similarity in the color of the rocks and soil.

The sign at the site gives a brief summary of the excavation and the items discovered.

Timna Hathor Temple Sign

Sign at Cultic Temple in Timna. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

The LORD promised the Israelites that they would dwell in a land that included copper and iron. It is impossible to say whether this is one of those places.

… a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills you can dig copper. (Deuteronomy 8:9 ESV)

Sunset on the Suez Canal and Lake Timsah

Our photo today was made from the Asia side of the Suez Canal. The view is west toward Africa. At this point the Suez Canal cuts through Lake Timsah.

Sunset over Lake Timsah and the Suez Canal. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Sunset over Lake Timsah and the Suez Canal. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Some scholars have suggested that the crossing by the Israelites as they left Egypt may have been in the area around Lake Timsah (through, south or north of it). Other suggestions include a site in the vicinity of Lake Ballah or the Great Bitter Lake for the crossing.

Read the biblical account in Exodus 13.

The Step Pyramid of Zoser at Saqqara

Yesterday afternoon our group visited Memphis and Saqqara. Saqqara is significant because it is the location of of the oldest freestanding stone building in the world. The architect of this structure was the vizier and physician Imhotep. Zoser reigned about 2600 B.C.

Hachette World Guide on Cairo, Alexandria and Environs, describes the pyramid in these terms:

The Step Pyramid is formed of six unequal sections and is not, in the strict sense, a pyramid tat all. The plan is not square, but oblong in the S-W sense, and the summit is formed by a terrace (also oblong) and not by a Pyramidion. The dimensions of the base are approximately 397 feet by 357 feet. The present height of the Pyramid is 193 feet. It would originally have been some 196 feet. The verticle slope of the steps is on an average of some 16°, the horizontal [slope is] 22°.

Many of the structures of ancient Egypt are in need of repair, and many are being repaired. I noticed scaffolding on all sides of the pyramid.

Step Pyramid of Zoser at Saqqara. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

The Step Pyramid of Zoser at Saqqara. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

This pyramid, as well as the great pyramids of Giza, was built long before the time of the  biblical characters who visited Egypt — Abraham, Joseph, Jacob, et al.

Traveling in the land of Goshen

We spent the entire day traveling in Egypt’s eastern delta region, known in the Bible as the land of Goshen. The photo below shows a typical scene of flat, fertile, black land with lush vegetation, cattle, some sheep, and canals.

Typical scene in the land of Goshen.

Typical scene in the land of Goshen. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins

This is the land where Joseph placed his family when they came to Egypt for food.

You will live in the land of Goshen, and you will be near me– you, your children, your grandchildren, your flocks, your herds, and everything you have. I will provide you with food there because there will be five more years of famine. Otherwise you would become poor– you, your household, and everyone who belongs to you.”‘ (Genesis 45:10-11 NET)

Measuring the river and your taxes

We have often heard the adaptation of Herodotus’ statement that Egypt is the gift of the Nile. The flooding of the Nile in ancient times was the key to the prosperity of the Nile Valley.

All along the Nile there are still examples of the Nile-o-meters that were used to measure the flooding. The higher the flood water, the more taxes that would be paid into the temple coffers.

In the photo below we see the meter on the Nile at Elephantine Island at Aswan. At a later time I will try to put together a short presentation of a few of the approximately 80 photos I made here yesterday.

Nile-o-meter on Elephantine-Island from the Nile

Nile-o-meter on Elephantine-Island from the Nile. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

The one with the fringe on the top

One of our stops today along the Nile River was the site of Edfu. There is a large ancient temple from the period of the Ptolemies about 200 B.C.
From the cruise boat to the temple we took the local carriages. The carriage parking lot looked like our shopping mall parking lots on the day after Thanksgiving.

Horses and carriages at Edfu. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Horses and carriages in the crowded parking lot at Edfu. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

I would like to be posting more info on some of the sites we are visiting, but time and conditions for working on the photos and using the Internet is not permitting. More soon, hopefully. Thanks for stopping by.

No photographs in the Valley of the Kings

On the west bank of the Nile River across from Luxor and Karnak lies the Valley of the Kings where the Pharaoh’s of the New Kingdom Period of Egyptian history are buried. There are no pyramids during this periods, but at least sixty four tombs are known in the Valley of the Kings. Our group visited two or three.

Some archaeological work is being done in the West Bank of the Nile, but mostly we observed restoration work by local Egyptians.

One disappointment was that photographs were not allowed in the Valley of the Kings. Two years ago when we were here photography was allowed in the Valley, but not in the tombs. Some of our tour members were fined for using their cameras and cell phones. This year one is not even allowed to enter through the security check with a camera. My older photos from the Valley of the Kings have just become more valuable!

One thing I have learned in traveling to Egypt repeatedly since 1967 is that the rules change frequently. The traveler to foreign countries must always remember that it may be different on a second visit, or from the way a friend told you, or the way the book said.

We were allowed to make photographs in the Valley of the Queens. Here is a photo of the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut.

Temple of Queen Hatshepsut. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

The Temple of Queen Hatshepsut. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

Some conservative scholars identify Hatshepsut with the young daughter of  Pharaoh who drew baby Moses from the Nile. Notice these words from Dr. Bryant Wood:

Moses and the Rulers of Egypt
In order to avoid the death decree. Moses’ mother placed the infant Moses in a watertight basket and “put it among the reeds along the bank of the Nile” (Ex 2:3). Pharaoh’s daughter discovered the three-month-old baby when she “went down to the Nile to bathe” (Ex 2:5). It is possible that this was the later-to-be-famous queen Hatshepsut (see front cover; Hansen 2003). According lo the Bible, then, the Egyptian royal family maintained a residence in Rameses, close to the Nile River, at the time of Moses’ birth in the carry  [sic; early? c. 1504-1483] 18th Dynasty.
After Moses was nursed by his mother (Ex 2:7–9), Pharaoh’s daughter look him into the royal palace and gave him the name Moses, “because I drew him out of the water” (Bible and Spade (2008) Volume 21 (Ephrata, PA: Associates for Biblical Research, 2008). vnp.21.1.20).

From the temple one has a magnificent view to the east across the Nile Valley. That’s it. The Nile Valley, the fertile land on each side of the Nile River is a narrow strip.

The Nile Valley from the Temple of Queen Hatsheput. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

The Nile Valley from the Temple of Queen Hatsheput. Photo by Ferrell Jenkins.

P.S. If you would like to see some photos from the Valley of the Kings, check this earlier post here.

Luxor and the Valley of the Kings

Update. The image did not enlarge. Check it again. I note that the Internet service is better early in the morning (now Tuesday here in Luxor).

This morning we left Cairo early on a flight to Luxor, where we begin a Nile cruise. Lot of good photos today. We visited the Valley of the Kings and Luxor Temple. Perhaps in a day or two I will be able to begin to share a few new photos. Meanwhile, your patience is appreciated.

Here is the group photo that I had wanted to upload yesterday. If you know some of the folks in the group you may want to click on the image for a larger copy.

Egyptian Adventure Tour led by Ferrell Jenkins

Egyptian Adventure Tour at the great Pyramids of Giza.